Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. How can we interact with OS shell using Python? I want to run windows cmd commands via python. How can it be achieved?
The newer subprocess. See this page for details. While I can't test this on Windows because I don't have access to any Windows machines , the following should work:.
Alternatively, subprocess. Also note that, in python 3, that string output is now bytes output. If you want to change this into a string, you need something like. If necessary, you can tell it the kind of encoding your program outputs. The default is utf-8 , which typically works fine, but other standard options are here. You would use the os module system method.
Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group. Create a free Team What is Teams? Collectives on Stack Overflow. Learn more. Running windows shell commands with python Ask Question. Asked 8 years, 11 months ago. Active 2 years ago. Copy the path to the Python folder. Open the Power User menu. Click System.
It's in the pop-up menu. A new window will open. Click System info. This is a link in the upper-right corner of the window.
Doing so opens the System Information window. Click the Advanced system settings link. You'll see this in the upper-left side of the System Information window. Yet another window will pop up. Click Environment Variables…. It's in the bottom-right corner of the pop-up window. Find the "Path" heading in the "User variables" pane. This window is at the top of the Environment Variables window. You may have to scroll up or down with your mouse cursor hovering over the "User variables" pane to find the "Path" variable.
Double-click the "Path" heading. Doing so opens a pop-up window. Click New. It's on the right side of the window. A text field will open in the middle of the window. Paste in your copied path. Your copied path will appear in the text field in the middle of the window.
Click OK on the three open windows. This will save your changes and close the "Path" window, the "Environmental Variables" window, and the "System Properties" window. I want to create a shortcut that executes the utility "ptpython," running in the cmd prompt. The shortcut I have points to the directory containing "ptpython. It sounds like ptpython. You can probably create a shortcut to cmd. Something like "cmd.
Yes No. Not Helpful 3 Helpful The directions to access the environment variables would be slightly different, as there is no "Power User" menu in Windows 7. Instead: 1. Press the Windows key and R to open the Run dialog. Enter "sysdm. Click the "Advanced" tab of the System Properties Window.
Click the "Environmental variables". Most everything else would work as described even on Windows 95 if there's a version of Python for Windows Not Helpful 0 Helpful 0. It says that the syntax is wrong. That sounds like a problem with the file you're trying to run. Assuming you have Python 2. This is for backward compatibility and for compatibility with Unix, where the command python typically refers to Python 2. The launcher should have been associated with Python files i.
This means that when you double-click on one of these files from Windows explorer the launcher will be used, and therefore you can use the same facilities described above to have the script specify the version which should be used. The key benefit of this is that a single launcher can support multiple Python versions at the same time depending on the contents of the first line. If the first line of a script file starts with! Linux and other Unix like operating systems have native support for such lines and they are commonly used on such systems to indicate how a script should be executed.
This launcher allows the same facilities to be used with Python scripts on Windows and the examples above demonstrate their use. The supported virtual commands are:. The default Python will be located and used. As many Python scripts written to work on Unix will already have this line, you should find these scripts can be used by the launcher without modification. Any of the above virtual commands can be suffixed with an explicit version either just the major version, or the major and minor version.
New in version 3. Furthermore it is possible to specify a major and architecture without minor i. The shebang lines can also specify additional options to be passed to the Python interpreter.
For example, if you have a shebang line:. Then Python will be started with the -v option. The same. In some cases, a version qualifier can be included in a command to dictate which version of Python will be used by the command. For example, a shebang line of! If no such option is found, the launcher will enumerate the installed Python versions and use the latest minor release found for the major version, which is likely, although not guaranteed, to be the most recently installed version in that family.
On bit Windows with both bit and bit implementations of the same major. This will be true for both bit and bit implementations of the launcher - a bit launcher will prefer to execute a bit Python installation of the specified version if available. This is so the behavior of the launcher can be predicted knowing only what versions are installed on the PC and without regard to the order in which they were installed i.
If no relevant options are set, the commands python and python2 will use the latest Python 2. The commands python3. In addition to environment variables, the same settings can be configured in the.
INI file used by the launcher. The contents of an environment variable will override things specified in the INI file. While this information manages to be simultaneously verbose and terse, it should allow you to see what versions of Python were located, why a particular version was chosen and the exact command-line used to execute the target Python.
Python usually stores its library and thereby your site-packages folder in the installation directory. To completely override sys. The file based on the DLL name overrides the one based on the executable, which allows paths to be restricted for any program loading the runtime if desired. When the file exists, all registry and environment variables are ignored, isolated mode is enabled, and site is not imported unless one line in the file specifies import site. Blank paths and lines starting with are ignored.
Each path may be absolute or relative to the location of the file. Import statements other than to site are not permitted, and arbitrary code cannot be specified. Note that. When no. Subkeys which have semicolon-delimited path strings as their default value will cause each path to be added to sys. If a Python home is found, the relevant sub-directories added to sys. Otherwise, the core Python path is constructed from the PythonPath stored in the registry.
If a pyvenv. When running python. When Python is hosted in another. For those who want to bundle Python into their application or distribution, the following advice will prevent conflicts with other installations:. Include a. This will ignore paths listed in the registry and environment variables, and also ignore site unless import site is listed. If you are loading python3. If you cannot use the previous suggestions for example, you are a distribution that allows people to run python.
These will ensure that the files in a system-wide installation will not take precedence over the copy of the standard library bundled with your application. Otherwise, your users may experience problems using your application. Note that the first suggestion is the best, as the others may still be susceptible to non-standard paths in the registry and user site-packages.
Adds pythonXX. Modules specified in the registry under Modules not PythonPath may be imported by importlib. This finder is enabled on Windows in 3. Even though Python aims to be portable among all platforms, there are features that are unique to Windows.
A couple of modules, both in the standard library and external, and snippets exist to use these features. This includes utilities for:. It is an embeddable IDE with a built-in debugger. When you have done this, you can distribute your application without requiring your users to install Python. H , used to create text user interfaces. If you want to compile CPython yourself, first thing you should do is get the source.
The source tree contains a build solution and project files for Microsoft Visual Studio , which is the compiler used to build the official Python releases. These files are in the PCbuild directory. With ongoing development of Python, some platforms that used to be supported earlier are no longer supported due to the lack of users or developers.
Check PEP 11 for details on all unsupported platforms. Windows CE is still supported. The Cygwin installer offers to install the Python interpreter as well cf. Cygwin package source , Maintainer releases. See Python for Windows for detailed information about platforms with pre-compiled installers.
Navigation index modules next previous Python ». In this case: You may be required to provide administrative credentials or approval Python will be installed into the Program Files directory The Python Launcher for Windows will be installed into the Windows directory Optional features may be selected during installation The standard library can be pre-compiled to bytecode If selected, the install directory will be added to the system PATH Shortcuts are available for all users.
After changing the above option, no further configuration is required. This will override most other options. Warning Python will always be available for free on the Microsoft Store. Note The embedded distribution does not include the Microsoft C Runtime and it is the responsibility of the application installer to provide this. The following is a list of popular versions and their key features: ActivePython Installer with multi-platform compatibility, documentation, PyWin32 Anaconda Popular scientific modules such as numpy, scipy and pandas and the conda package manager.
WinPython Windows-specific distribution with prebuilt scientific packages and tools for building packages. For example, if you have a shebang line:! Examples: If no relevant options are set, the commands python and python2 will use the latest Python 2. The end result of all this is: When running python. For those who want to bundle Python into their application or distribution, the following advice will prevent conflicts with other installations: Include a.
Deprecated since version 3. See also Win32 How Do I…? Cygwin package source , Maintainer releases See Python for Windows for detailed information about platforms with pre-compiled installers. Table of Contents 4. Using Python on Windows 4. The full installer 4. Installation steps 4.
Installing Without UI 4.
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